Table 2 Differences in initial pre-hospital clinical features made by the emergency medical service between patients transported directly and indirectly to the trauma center
From: Factors correlating with delayed trauma center admission following traumatic brain injury
| Â | Â | Trauma center admission | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | All patients 431(100%) | Direct 282 (65%) | Delayed 149 (35%) | p-Value |
Field GCS | Â | Â | Â | Â |
3-12 | 258 (60) | 204 (72) | 54 (36) | < 0.001 |
13-15 | 155 (36) | 74 (27) | 80 (54) | Â |
Missing | 18 (4) | 3 (1) | 15 (10) | Â |
Major extra cranial injury | 118 (27) | 107 (38) | 11 (7) | < 0.001 |
Unconsciousness | 260 (60) | 198 (70) | 62 (42) | < 0.001 |
Pupillary light reaction | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Normal | 284 (66) | 181 (64) | 103 (69) | < 0.001 |
Abnormal | 87 (20) | 76 (27) | 11 (7) | Â |
Missing | 60 (14) | 25 (9) | 35 (24) | Â |
Hypoxia | 87 (20) | 72 (26) | 15 (10) | < 0.001 |
Hypotension | 49 (11) | 47 (17) | 2 (1) | < 0.001 |
Field blood alcohol level (‰) |  |  |  |  |
0.0 | 17 (4) | 13 (5) | 4 (3) | 0.004 |
< 2.3 | 44 (10) | 28 (10) | 16 (11) | Â |
≥ 2.3 | 38 (9) | 15 (5) | 23 (15) |  |
Not tested | 332 (77) | 226 (80) | 106 (70) | Â |
Median | 2.0 (0.9-2.8) | 1.7 (0.6-2.4) | 2.3 (1.6-2.9) | 0.008 |
Glucose (mmol/l) | 7.2 (6.0-8.8) | 7.2 (6.0-8.9) | 7.1 (5.9-8.8) | 0.773 |
Focal neurological sign | 37 (9) | 24 (9) | 13 (9) | 0.904 |