Table 1 Incidence of emergency cricothyrotomies in selected studies identified in the searches employed in this review
Authors | Year | Country | Study design | Setting | Performers | Patient category | Secured airways | Cricothyrotomies | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number | Percentage | ||||||||
Cook et al [19] | 2008-2009 | UK | Prospective | Hospital | Anaesthesiologists | Mix | 2872600 | 58 | 0.002 |
Adams et al [4] | 2005-2007 | Iraq | Prospective | Prehospital | Physicians or combat medic | Trauma | 293 | 17 | 5.8 |
Brown and Thomas [18] | 1999 | USA | Retrospective | Mix | Flight nurses | Mix | 36 | 2 | 5.6 |
Germann et al [5] | 1998-2006 | USA | Prospective, single centre study | Prehospital | Flight nurses | Trauma (mainly) | 369 | 6 | 1.6 |
Stephens et al [6] | 1996-2006 | USA | Retrospective | Hospital | Anaesthesiologists | Trauma | 6088 | 21 | 0.3 |
Sagarin et al [7] | 1996-2001 | USA/Canada | Prospective, multicentre study | Hospital | Emergency medicine residents (mainly) | Mix | 5757 | 50 | 0.9 |
Adnet et al [8] | 1996-1997 | France | Prospective, multicentre study | Prehospital | Emergency physicians and anaesthesiologists | Mix | 691 | 0 | 0 |
McIntosh et al [9] | 1995-2004 | USA | Retrospective | Prehospital | Flight nurses (mainly) | Mix | 712 | 17 | 2.4 |
Bair et al [10] | 1995-2000 | USA | Retrospective | Hospital | Emergency physicians or surgeons | Mix | 201 | 22 | 10.9 |
Bair et al [10] | 1995-2000 | USA | Retrospective | Prehospital | Flight nurses | Mix | 2259 | 28 | 1.2 |
Sakles et al [11] | 1995-1996 | USA | Prospective, single centre study | Hospital | Emergency medicine residents (mainly) | Mix | 610 | 7 | 1.1 |
Fortune et al [12] | 1991-1995 | USA | Retrospective | Prehospital | EMTs | Mix | 376 | 56 | 14.9 |
Jacobson et al [13] | 1990-1994 | USA | Retrospective | Prehospital | Paramedics | Trauma (mainly) | 509 | 50 | 9.8 |
Nugent et al [14] | 1987-1989 | USA | Retrospective | Prehospital | Flight nurses | Trauma (mainly) | 302 | 56 | 18.5 |
Robinson et al [15] | 1983-1997 | USA | Retrospective | Prehospital | Flight nurses (mainly) | Trauma | 1589 | 8 | 0.5 |
Boyle et al [16] | 1983-1988 | USA | Retrospective | Mix | Flight nurses | Mix | 650 | 69 | 10.6 |
McGill et al [17] | 1977-1980 | USA | Retrospective | Hospital | Emergency physicians or surgeons | Mix | 1362 | 38 | 2.8 |