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Table 2 Studies reporting outcome of out-of-hospital or in-hospital cardiac arrest in which the prevalence of subarachnoid haemoorhage as the cause of the arrest was reported

From: Incidence, predisposing factors, management and survival following cardiac arrest due to subarachnoid haemorrhage: a review of the literature

Study

Years

Setting

Included patients

Method for SAH diagnosis

Proportion OHCA/IHCA with SAH

Typical features of SAH patients

Resuscitation factors associated with SAH

Proportion of patients with achieved ROSC

Survival in patients with SAH and CA

Comment

Shapiro S

1989-96

Trauma centre in the US

Patients with respiratory or cardiac arrest and documented SAH

CT

NR

 

NR

NR

43% survival, 20% with good neurologic outcome

Does not report separate survival for respiratory/cardiac arrest

Kürkciyan et al.

1991-99

Mid-sized urban city, OHCA registry

OHCA patients with ROSC admitted to the ED

CT and autopsy

27 (4%) out of 765 (all OHCA aetiologies)

Age<40, headache, female gender

PEA/ASY in 93%

NR

1 (4%) survived to hospital discharge

 

Inamasu et al.

2004-7

Japanese tertiary centre

OHCA patients admitted to the ED with CT brain performed

CT

26 (18%) out of 142 OHCA patients with CT brain had SAH

Female gender, headache

PEA/ASY in 96%

NR

0 (0%) survived to hospital discharge

All patients had ROSC

Mitsuma et al.

2007-9

Japanese tertiary centre

OHCA patients transported to the ED

CT (including post-mortem CT)

14 (6%) of 244 OHCA patients

Female gender

PEA/ASY in 100%

10(71%) out of 14

0 (0%) survived to hospital discharge

 

Cocchi et al.

2006-9

US tertiary care centre

OHCA admitted to the ED who had CT brain performed

CT

1 (2%) out of 51 patients (CT Brain done) had confirmed SAH

NR

NR

NR

NR

 

Inamasu et al.

2007

Japanese tertiary centre

OHCA patients admitted to a tertiary centre

 

10 (8%) out of 124 OHCA patients had SAH on a CT brain

 

Female gender

10 (100%) out of 10 patients had ROSC

0 (0%) survived to hospital discharge

 

Yuzawa et al.

2003-7

Japanese tertiary centre

CA patients with CT brain

CT and autopsy

8 (18%) out of 45 patients had SAH

NR

NR

NR

NR

Focus on the paper is radiological features of post CA CT findings

Wallmuller et al.

1991-08

ED ICU

Patients resuscitated from IHCA treated in the ED ICU

CT

5 (0.5%) out of 1041 patients had SAH

NR

NR

NA

0%

Only patients with ROSC included

  1. OHCA=out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, IHCA-in-hospital cardiac arrest, CT=computed tomography, NR=not reported, ED=emergency department, NA=not applicable, CA=cardiac arrest.