Table 1 Patient demographics
| Â | Control group (n = 33) | Intervention group (n = 85) | p |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (yrs) | 41.9 (36.1-47.6) | 47.1 (43.8-51.1) | 0.131 |
Male (n, %) | 24 (72.7) | 62 (72.9) | 0.981 |
Mechanism (n, %) | Â | Â | 0.265 |
   Blunt | 28 (84.8) | 78 (91.8) |  |
   Penetrating | 5 (15.2) | 7 (8.2) |  |
ISS | 22.8 (19.2-26.5) | 25.2 (22.6-27.9) | 0.330 |
ISS severity (n, %) | Â | Â | 0.533 |
   Moderate (9-15) | 7 (21.2) | 11 (12.9) |  |
   Severe (16-24) | 12 (36.4) | 34 (40.0) |  |
   Very severe (≥ 25) | 14 (42.4) | 40 (47.1) |  |
RTS | 6.9 (6.5-7.3) | 6.5 (6.2-6.9) | 0.138 |
Head injury (n, %) | Â | Â | 0.366 |
   Mild (GCS 13-15) | 21 (63.6) | 43 (50.6) |  |
   Moderate (GCS 9-12) | 4 (12.1) | 10 (11.8) |  |
   Severe (GCS 3-8) | 8 (24.2) | 32 (37.6) |  |
Hemodynamic status | Â | Â | Â |
   MAP (mmHg) | 85.9(78.4-93.3) | 92.7(85.4-99.5) | 0.182 |
   HR (beats/min) | 92.2(84.6-99.7) | 88.6(82.2-95.8) | 0.544 |
   Shock (n, %) | 5 (15.2) | 12 (14.1) | 0.886 |
Initial disposition (n, %) | Â | Â | 0.962 |
   Operation | 13 (39.4) | 29 (34.1) |  |
   Admission | 9 (27.3) | 25 (29.4) |  |
   Transfer | 7 (21.2) | 20 (23.5) |  |
   Death | 4 (12.1) | 11 (12.9) |  |
ED LOS (hours) | 14.1 (9.2-19.1) | 14.3 (8.9-19.8) | 0.962 |
ICU LOS (days) | 4.6 (2.7-6.4) | 5.6 (3.7-7.5) | 0.512 |
Hospital LOS (days) | 26.2 (17.8-34.5) | 31.0 (22.7-39.3) | 0.495 |
Mortality (n, %) | 7 (21.2) | 14 (16.5) | 0.546 |