Figure 1

BP during a typical experiment. B indicates the start of a bupivacaine 10 mg/kg bolus. This is taken as zero time. Criteria for circulatory collapse were reached at 4.5 minutes, and internal cardiac massage (indicated by C) was begun, causing the subsequent pressure spikes that continued until shortly after the lipid infusion (indicated by L), which began at 15 minutes. Circulation was sufficiently established by 26 minutes (after roughly 10 minutes of lipid therapy), when isoflurane general anesthesia was restarted (indicated by I).