Low central venous saturation predicts poor outcome in patients with brain injury after major trauma: a prospective observational study

Table 2 Demographic and clinical characteristics of overall population and comparison between survived and deceased patients at 28 days.

	Overall	Deceased	Survived	P
Number	121	22	99
Age (years)	45.5 ± 19.3	53 ± 16.6	43.8 ± 19.6*	0.043
Male sex, % (N)	77.7% (94)	77.3% (17)	77.8% (77)	0.813
ISS score	32 ± 11.4	39.3 ± 14	30.3 ± 10.1*	< 0.001
AIS score	11.7 ± 3.3	12.6 ± 14.1	11.5 ± 3.1	0.117
Head/Neck	3.6 ± 1.2	4.5 ± 0.7	3.4 ± 1.2*	0.001
Face	1.8 ± 1.3	1.5 ± 1.2	1.8 ± 1.3	0.313
Chest	2.5 ± 1.1	2.8 ± 0.7	2.4 ± 1.2	0.495
Abdominal	1.0 ± 1.4	0.7 ± 1.1	1.1 ± 1.4	0.174
Extremity	1.5 ± 1.4	1.2 ± 1.6	1.6 ± 1.3	0.064
External	1.3 ± 0.8	1.3 ± 0.7	1.3 ± 0.8	0.886
SAPS II score	44.1 ± 15.2	51.3 ± 14.1	42.5 ± 15*	0.014
GCS score	7.2 ± 3.1	6.5 ± 3.2	7.4 ± 3	0.096
Marshall Score	2.6 ± 0.8	3.5 ± 0.7	2.3 ± 0.7*	< 0.001
ScvO₂, %	70.9% ± 8	66.7% ± 11.9	70.1% ± 8.9*	0.046
HR (beats/min)	108 ± 23	110 ± 30	107 ± 28	0.744
MAP (mmHg)	79 ± 11	78 ± 16	80 ± 14	0.575
CVP (mmHg)	13 ± 2	12 ± 4	14 ± 6	0.861
Lactate (mmol/l)	4 ± 2.8	6.7 ± 4.2	3.3 ± 1.8*	< 0.001

ScvO₂ level was the worst value measured for at least 15 minutes during the first 24 hours after trauma. Lactate concentration was the worst value measured during the first 24 hours after trauma.
Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD). Percent data are referred to the total population of each group.
Statistical analysis: two-tail Student's t-test. P-values were considered significant if less than 0.05 (*).
ISS: Injury Severity Score; AIS: Abbreviate Injury Scale; SAPS: Simplified Acute Physiology Score; GCS: Glasgow Coma Scale; ScvO₂: central venous oxygen saturation; HR: heart rate; MAP: mean arterial pressure; CVP: central venous pressure.

ISSN: 1757-7241